Ferroelectricity in Niobium Oxide Dihalides NbOX2 (X = Cl, I): A Macroscopic- to Microscopic-Scale Study

Chaofei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Xinyun Wang; Ziying Wang; Ibrahim Abdelwahab; Ivan Verzhbitskiy; Yan Shao; Goki Eda; Wanxin Sun; Lei Shen; Kian Ping Loh

doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c09267

Ferroelectricity in Niobium Oxide Dihalides NbOX₂ (X = Cl, I): A Macroscopic- to Microscopic-Scale Study

Chaofei Liu, Xiuying Zhang, Xinyun Wang, Ziying Wang, Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Ivan Verzhbitskiy, Yan Shao, Goki Eda, Wanxin Sun, Lei Shen, Kian Ping Loh^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

2D materials with ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are of interest for energy harvesting, memory storage and electromechanical systems. Here, we present a systematic study of the ferroelectric properties in NbOX₂ (X = Cl, I) across different spatial scales. The in-plane ferroelectricity in NbOX₂ was investigated using transport and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements, where it was observed that NbOCl₂ has a stronger ferroelectric order than NbOI₂. A high local field, exerted by both PFM and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tips, was found to induce 1D collinear ferroelectric strips in NbOCl₂. STM imaging reveals the unreconstructed atomic structures of NbOX₂ surfaces, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to probe the electronic states induced at defect (vacancy) sites.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	7170-7179
Number of pages	10
Journal	ACS Nano
Volume	17
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c09267
Publication status	Published - 25 Apr 2023
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

1D collinearity
NbOX
defect bound states
ferroelectricity
van der Waals materials

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10.1021/acsnano.2c09267

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title = "Ferroelectricity in Niobium Oxide Dihalides NbOX2 (X = Cl, I): A Macroscopic- to Microscopic-Scale Study",

abstract = "2D materials with ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are of interest for energy harvesting, memory storage and electromechanical systems. Here, we present a systematic study of the ferroelectric properties in NbOX2 (X = Cl, I) across different spatial scales. The in-plane ferroelectricity in NbOX2 was investigated using transport and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements, where it was observed that NbOCl2 has a stronger ferroelectric order than NbOI2. A high local field, exerted by both PFM and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tips, was found to induce 1D collinear ferroelectric strips in NbOCl2. STM imaging reveals the unreconstructed atomic structures of NbOX2 surfaces, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to probe the electronic states induced at defect (vacancy) sites.",

keywords = "1D collinearity, NbOX, defect bound states, ferroelectricity, van der Waals materials",

author = "Chaofei Liu and Xiuying Zhang and Xinyun Wang and Ziying Wang and Ibrahim Abdelwahab and Ivan Verzhbitskiy and Yan Shao and Goki Eda and Wanxin Sun and Lei Shen and Loh, {Kian Ping}",

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T1 - Ferroelectricity in Niobium Oxide Dihalides NbOX2 (X = Cl, I)

T2 - A Macroscopic- to Microscopic-Scale Study

AU - Liu, Chaofei

AU - Zhang, Xiuying

AU - Wang, Xinyun

AU - Wang, Ziying

AU - Abdelwahab, Ibrahim

AU - Verzhbitskiy, Ivan

AU - Shao, Yan

AU - Eda, Goki

AU - Sun, Wanxin

AU - Shen, Lei

AU - Loh, Kian Ping

PY - 2023/4/25

Y1 - 2023/4/25

N2 - 2D materials with ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are of interest for energy harvesting, memory storage and electromechanical systems. Here, we present a systematic study of the ferroelectric properties in NbOX2 (X = Cl, I) across different spatial scales. The in-plane ferroelectricity in NbOX2 was investigated using transport and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements, where it was observed that NbOCl2 has a stronger ferroelectric order than NbOI2. A high local field, exerted by both PFM and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tips, was found to induce 1D collinear ferroelectric strips in NbOCl2. STM imaging reveals the unreconstructed atomic structures of NbOX2 surfaces, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to probe the electronic states induced at defect (vacancy) sites.

AB - 2D materials with ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are of interest for energy harvesting, memory storage and electromechanical systems. Here, we present a systematic study of the ferroelectric properties in NbOX2 (X = Cl, I) across different spatial scales. The in-plane ferroelectricity in NbOX2 was investigated using transport and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements, where it was observed that NbOCl2 has a stronger ferroelectric order than NbOI2. A high local field, exerted by both PFM and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tips, was found to induce 1D collinear ferroelectric strips in NbOCl2. STM imaging reveals the unreconstructed atomic structures of NbOX2 surfaces, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to probe the electronic states induced at defect (vacancy) sites.

KW - 1D collinearity

KW - NbOX

KW - defect bound states

KW - ferroelectricity

KW - van der Waals materials

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DO - 10.1021/acsnano.2c09267

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AN - SCOPUS:85152701899

SN - 1936-0851

VL - 17

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EP - 7179

JO - ACS Nano

JF - ACS Nano

IS - 8

ER -

Ferroelectricity in Niobium Oxide Dihalides NbOX₂ (X = Cl, I): A Macroscopic- to Microscopic-Scale Study

Abstract

Keywords

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