Experimental study of the flow characteristics and impact of dense-phase CO₂ jet releases

High-pressure dense-phase CO₂ transportation is the main approach for transportation of CO₂ in China. During the transportation process, CO₂ is in a high-pressure dense phase. If CO₂ leakage occurs in such a case owing to line equipment damage, the low-temperature high-speed jet flow will be hazardous for human lives and property. To study CO₂ leakage, an experiment was conducted to examine the impact of a dense-liquid CO₂ jet during accidental releases. The impact value was measured for different nozzle sizes, inner pressures, and distances. Therefore, studying the mechanism and effectively evaluating the consequences and impact of the accidental leakage of high-pressure dense-phase CO₂ are important for ensuring the security of its transportation.