Domain wall tuned superconductivity in superconductor-ferromagnet bilayers

Due to the opposite natures of superconducting and ferromagnetic order parameters, hybrid bilayers systems have gained huge attention in past decades. Here we report manipulation of superconductivity by the orientation of the domain wall in such superconducting-ferromagnetic bilayers based on the phase-field model. The phase of the primary order parameter in the Ginzburg-Landau model was used to describe the vortex dynamics path in the superconductor. Vortices were observed to follow the available path within domain centers perpendicular to the applied current, under the Lorentz force. Applied current was observed to follow the spatial path described by the ferromagnetic domain walls in the superconductors, where in the absence of such clear paths current was observed to form leakage channels from within the domain centers. Carrier concentration, supercurrent density, and energy components in the superconductor were observed to strongly depend on the orientation of the domain wall in current-carrying superconductors. The variation in carrier concentration, which defines the resistivity of the superconductor, was observed to depend strongly on the orientation of the domain wall with respect to the direction of applied current and was observed to have about 30% variation for 0° to 56° (and 124°-180°) domain wall orientations. This huge variation in carrier concentration and other parameters controlled by domain wall orientation have potential applications in sensors, controls and communication.