Cation vacancy stabilization of single-atomic-site Pt ₁ /Ni(OH) _x catalyst for diboration of alkynes and alkenes

Development of single-atomic-site catalysts with high metal loading is highly desirable but proved to be very challenging. Although utilizing defects on supports to stabilize independent metal atoms has become a powerful method to fabricate single-atomic-site catalysts, little attention has been devoted to cation vacancy defects. Here we report a nickel hydroxide nanoboard with abundant Ni ²⁺ vacancy defects serving as the practical support to achieve a single-atomic-site Pt catalyst (Pt ₁ /Ni(OH) _x ) containing Pt up to 2.3 wt% just by a simple wet impregnation method. The Ni ²⁺ vacancies are found to have strong stabilizing effect of single-atomic Pt species, which is determined by X-ray absorption spectrometry analyses and density functional theory calculations. This Pt ₁ /Ni(OH) _x catalyst shows a high catalytic efficiency in diboration of a variety of alkynes and alkenes, yielding an overall turnover frequency value upon reaction completion for phenylacetylene of ~3000 h ^-1 , which is much higher than other reported heterogeneous catalysts.