Bi-Level Optimal Scheduling of Power System Considering Carbon Demand Response and Carbon Trading

The development of low-carbon power generation technologies and effective participation in carbon quota market trading are the keys to promoting low-carbon transformation of electric power, and with the help of flexible resources such as energy storage and demand response, the prosumers have stronger balancing capabilities in electric energy production and consumption. A two-layer optimal scheduling model of the power system considering carbon demand response and carbon trading is proposed based on the carbon flow theory. The node carbon potential of the distribution network is used as one of the price factors for the demand response of producers and consumers, and the optimal operation of the distribution network is realized through the interactive transmission of supply / consumption information as well as electricity price and carbon price information between the upper distribution network and the lower producers and consumers. The lower tier producers and consumers trade carbon allowances based on the operation plan and determine the revenue through the Nash bargaining method. Case simulations verify the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper in controlling the carbon emissions of the system and promoting the enthusiasm of demand response.