液滴输运功能表面的仿生设计与制备研究进展

Functional surfaces for droplet transport has important applications in green energy, medical technology, new materials and other fields, such as fog collection, drug targeted therapy, etc. The surfaces of natural creatures with specific functions of directional transport and fixed-point transfer of droplets provide excellent examples for design and preparation of functional surfaces for droplet transport, a large number of novel and flexible bionic research achievements have been arisen. Firstly, the typical surfaces of natural creatures with self-driven functions of droplet transport are summarized and the basic theories of wettability on solid surface are elaborated; then, the biomimetic research progress of functional surfaces for droplet transport based on different self-driven mechanism is reviewed, the mechanism and influencing factors of droplet transport on different functional surfaces are compared and analyzed; furthermore, the current research of the functional surface for directional transport or fixed-point transfer of droplet under the action of external field such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature field and etc. are elaborated and analyzed; finally, the applications and future directions of such biomimetic functional surfaces are summarized and prospected.