气溶胶环境影响下连续波激光引信回波特性

The laser fuze has the advantages of high ranging accuracy and resistance to electromagnetic interference, but it is susceptible to interference from aerosol particles such as smoke and dust. The echo signal characteristics of continuous wave (CW) laser fuze under aerosol interference were studied based on Monte Carlo simulation method. A CW laser echo signal model under the action of aerosol particles is constructed, which includes backscattering signal, target signal scattered by particles and target echo signal. The extinction coefficient and scattering coefficient of aerosol in the model could vary dynamically with the position of photons, the aerosol concentration distribution, and the aerosol particle size distribution. The echo signal in aerosol environment was simulated. The relationship among the characteristics of signal time frequency domain, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and laser wavelength, aerosol particle sizes at different aerosol concentrations was analyzed. Simulated and experimental results show that the echo signal characteristics are related to the concentration of aerosol. At low aerosol concentration, the spectral peak of echo signal is concentrated at the frequency related to the target distance, and there is no spectral peak of interference. When the aerosol concentration exceeds the moderate condition, both the target spectrum peak and the interference spectrum peak exist. And when the heavy interference is reached, the interference spectrum peak may be stronger than the target spectrum peak. The SNR decreases with the increase in aerosol concentration. For the laser with the wavelength range of 400-1 100 nm, when the particle size distribution is 20-100 μm, the SNR is relatively high.