基于改进金属电爆丝法制备氟包覆高活性铝

In order to improve the characteristics of oxidation and deactivation on the surface of nano-aluminum powders, and prepare highly reactive aluminum powders, an improved electric explosion wire of metallic process was adopted. The small molecular solvent was used as the protective medium, instead of inert atmosphere, colloidal aluminum suspension was prepared by adjusting the voltage. The ethyl acetate solution containing fluororubber F₂₆₀₃ was dropped into the suspension, and the fluororubber was rapidly precipitated from mixed solution of ethyl acetate and absolute alcohol, the in-situ coating of aluminum particles were obtained. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of prepared colloidal aluminum suspension. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the structure of the micro-nano aluminum powders. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nano-FTIR were used to observe the morphology and particle size of the coated products. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the surface interface of the coated products, and thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) was used to analyze the thermal decomposition of prepared micro-nano aluminum powders and the coated products. The results show that there is a shell layer on the surface of the aluminum particles prepared by electric explosion wire, which consists of Al₂O₃, Al₄C₃, amorphous carbon and graphite. Fluororubber is coated on the surface of aluminum particles well by means of physical adsorption, and the core-shell composite material with micron particle size were obtained. It is found that the reaction temperature of the coated products is 45.73℃ earlier than that of the aluminum particles prepared by electrical explosion wire process, and the activation energy is reduced by 108.33kJ/mol, showing that the reactivity of micro-nano aluminum particles was effectively improved.