不锈钢微孔超声空化辅助钻削试验研究

This paper proposes a micro-hole ultrasonic cavitation assisted drilling method to improve chip removal performance and micro-hole machining quality during micro-drilling of difficult-to-machine materials. The mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation is analyzed. Through the observation of ultrasonic cavitation process by high-speed camera, the taper cavitation area is formed on the end face of the horn, and its range of action reaches more than 10mm. Cavitation drilling experiments of resin workpieces with diameters of 3 mm and 0.5 mm are carried out respectively, and it is found that the ultrasonic cavitation effect significantly improves the adhesion and entanglement of the chips to the cutter. Ultrasonic cavitation drilling experiments of stainless steel micro-holes with different spindle speeds are conducted. The entrance morphology, roundness, pore wall morphology and surface roughness of micro-holes are observed and measured by laser scanning microscopy. Compared with ordinary drilling, ultrasonic cavitation drilling reduces the aperture error by 8.5%-15.6%, the entrance roundness error decreases by 20.0%-37.8%, and the hole wall roughness decreases by 12.7%-18.6%. The results show that ultrasonic cavitation effect can effectively improve the quality and accuracy of micro-hole machining.