一种仿生偏振航向测量系统设计与测试

In order to obtain heading information by using sky polarization information, a new type of bionic polarization heading measurement system is designed, and the azimuth measurement method based on polarization modulation principle is studied. Firstly, the distribution law of sky polarization mode is introduced. According to the Rayleigh scattering principle, the vibration direction of the beam to be measured is perpendicular to the plane composed of the sun, the ground observation point and the observation direction, and the horizontal coordinate system is established to study the sky polarization information. Then, based on the principle of polarization modulation, a rotatable polarizer measurement system is designed to measure the beam in the zenith region and obtain the stokes parameter of the polarization beam in the sky. The polarization azimuth angle is calculated by the stokes parameter, and the polarization heading angle is obtained by combining the angle between the sun meridian and north. Finally, in order to reduce the influence of noise of optical components on the measurement accuracy of the system, a laboratory calibration method for the parameters of the polarization heading measurement system is designed. The experimental results show that the maximum indoor measurement error of the bionic polarization heading measurement system is less than 0.2 °, and the mean square error of outdoor measurement is less than 0.6 °, which basically meets the requirements of bionic polarization heading measurement accuracy.