Towards a Balance between Functionality and Stability: Energy-Safety Synergistic Mechanisms and Prospects in Perovskite Energetic Materials

New-generation perovskite energetic materials (PEMs) have shown great application potential in aerospace, military, and other fields due to their unique ABX₃ self-assembly structure. Their core advantage lies in the ability to precisely control energy levels and safety through molecular-level design. However, the inherent contradiction between high energy and high safety is a key bottleneck restricting their development. This article systematically reviews the crystallographic and physicochemical origins of the contradiction between energy and safety in PEMs, and delves into the research progress on balancing this contradiction through two major strategies: internal crystal engineering (such as component design and intermolecular interaction regulation) and synergistic use of exogenous components (such as composites with metal/metal oxides, polymer coating technology, and composites with high-energy inductive explosives). Finally, based on the existing foundation, the article looks forward to the opportunities and challenges facing PEMs in terms of deepening mechanism research, expanding multifunctionality, and industrial applications.