Thermal Management Enables More Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Under thermal stress, perovskite materials suffer from volatile component loss or ion migration, etc., which is challenging for steady power output (SPO) of the resulting perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under practical operation conditions. Herein, we innovatively introduce silicon dioxide particles at the perovskite/hole transport layer interface, which simultaneously serve as heat dissipation material due to their higher thermal conductivity and a perovskite surface passivator through the coordination between silicon dioxide and the undercoordinated lead centers. The resultant device achieves substantially improved long-term stability with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.29% for a thermally stable composition. The unencapsulated devices retain 91 and 95% of initial efficiency after thermal aging at 85 °C for 1126 h and SPO operation for 1235 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, respectively. Our work effectively combines thermal management and the passivation effect to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs under actual operation.