The research of distributed CO2 monitoring technology based on NB-IoT

CO2 is one of the primary contributors to the greenhouse effect, and its monitoring and control are critical for achieving carbon peaking and neutrality goals. Therefore, large-scale distributed monitoring of CO2 concentrations in the environment is of significant importance. To investigate the diffusion patterns of CO2 in windless environments, this paper designs and implements a distributed CO2 monitoring system. The system adopts the three-layer architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT) as its overall framework, utilizing a self-developed CO2 sensor as the sensing layer node. The system employs the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) protocol to achieve multi-node, wide-coverage, and low-power data transmission and reception. A custom database is developed as the application layer to store, classify, and manage data collected by the nodes. Experimental results provide CO2 monitoring data, which are analyzed to summarize the variation patterns of CO2 concentration over time and distance. By comparing these results with existing gas diffusion models, it is found that the trends are consistent, thereby demonstrating the reliability and stability of the proposed system.