Techniques and applications of 3D reconstruction of vessels from DSA images

3D reconstruction of vessels from X-ray angiographic images is a powerful tool to make up the deficiency of the equipment for digital subtraction angiography (DSA). It allows the observation of realistic information of vessels in three dimensions, which is convenient for doctors to diagnose and analyze of the vessel diseases. Therefore 3D reconstruction of vessels plays an important role in many aspects such as diagnosis assistance, surgery simulation and therapy guidance, etc. In this paper the main techniques of 3D reconstruction of vessels based on two X-ray angiographic images are reviewed in detail, which include the calibration of DSA equipment, vessel segmentation, identification and matching of the feature points, 3D points reconstruction, vessel curve fitting, vascular section description and 3D display of vascular trees. At last, the difficulties of 3D reconstruction of vessels based on DSA images are summarized, and prospects of this technique are made.