Synthesis and properties of energetic salts based on 3-nitro-5-nitroimino-1,2,4-oxadiazole

A series of 3-nitro-5-nitroimino-1,2,4-oxadiazole-based energetic salts were synthesized from 3-nitro-5-nitroimino-1,2,4-oxadiazole anion and nitrogen-rich cations. They were fully characterized by IR, elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The structure of triaminoguanidinium salt (1-e) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All salts showed good thermal stability with decomposed temperature ranging from 155 °C to 258 °C, and positive heats of formation from 226.0 kJ/mol to 554.1 kJ/mol. Thus, the theoretic detonation pressure was predicted from 28.70 GPa to 37.60 GPa and velocities from 8526 m/s to 9354 m/s. Among them, guanidinium salt (1-c) exhibited both high decomposition temperature (258 °C) and detonation velocity (9319 m/s).