Subpixel reconstruction algorithm in staring FPA nonuniform microscan imaging

For the nonuniform microscan system where the interframe translation is no longer equivalent to accurate halfpixel, a 2-dimension non-interpolated subpixel algorithm is proposed to consider arbitrary value of microscanning. The aim of the proposed algorithm is to restore double resolution from 2 × 2 undersampled frames. To solve the ill-posed problem in the process of image reconstruction, the prior boundary condition is introduced, and the proposed subpixel reconstruction algorithm is reformulated into the form of line-by-line backward propagation iteration for reducing the calculation complexity. Since the direction of movement offset relative to the accurate halfpixel determines the transfer matrix of the image degradation process, the reconstruction is classified into 4 types when 2 × 2 microscan model is applied. All the simulation results and experiment data demonstrate the double resolution improvement compared with the undersampled images. The focus problem, scarcely any possibility of the operation with accurate halfpixel micromotion, is figured out for enhancing the feasibility of subpixel reconstruction used in practice.