TY - JOUR
T1 - Study on the thermal decomposition and combustion of DAP-4 affected by copper(II) fluoride
AU - Li, Meng
AU - Liu, Haiting
AU - Liu, Guoliang
AU - Dong, Jiani
AU - Gao, Jia
AU - Zhang, Binbin
AU - Guo, Xueyong
AU - Fang, Hua
AU - Cao, Xiong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2026/11
Y1 - 2026/11
N2 - Molecular perovskite energetic material (H2dabco)[NH4(ClO4)3] (DAP-4) has attracted significant attention. However, its high thermal decomposition temperature hinders its application in propellants. To reduce its reaction energy barrier and modulate its decomposition and combustion performance, the catalytic effect of copper fluoride (CuF2) on the thermal decomposition and combustion behavior of DAP-4 was systematically investigated in this work. DAP-4/CuF2 composites with different CuF2 contents (1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%) were prepared by a mechanical mixing method. Their morphology, thermal behavior, reaction products and combustion mechanism were comprehensively characterized by SEM, XRD, DSC, TG, high-speed combustion photography, XPS and MS. The results indicated that the CuF2 significantly reduced the thermal decomposition temperature of DAP-4 with a maximum decrease of 35.2 °C and the apparent activation energy decreased markedly, dropping from 370.40 kJ/mol for pure DAP-4 to approximately 155.82 kJ/mol for the DAP-4/5 wt%CuF2. Combustion experiments revealed that both the combustion pressure and pressurization rate were enhanced. A possibly reaction mechanism of energy release of DAP-4 with CuF2 was proposed that CuF2 accelerated the initial decomposition of DAP-4 through proton transfer reactions between ClO4−/F− and NH4+, leading to enhancing the reaction kinetics. This study provided a new pathway for the design and fabrication of DAP-4-based energetic materials in solid propellants.
AB - Molecular perovskite energetic material (H2dabco)[NH4(ClO4)3] (DAP-4) has attracted significant attention. However, its high thermal decomposition temperature hinders its application in propellants. To reduce its reaction energy barrier and modulate its decomposition and combustion performance, the catalytic effect of copper fluoride (CuF2) on the thermal decomposition and combustion behavior of DAP-4 was systematically investigated in this work. DAP-4/CuF2 composites with different CuF2 contents (1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%) were prepared by a mechanical mixing method. Their morphology, thermal behavior, reaction products and combustion mechanism were comprehensively characterized by SEM, XRD, DSC, TG, high-speed combustion photography, XPS and MS. The results indicated that the CuF2 significantly reduced the thermal decomposition temperature of DAP-4 with a maximum decrease of 35.2 °C and the apparent activation energy decreased markedly, dropping from 370.40 kJ/mol for pure DAP-4 to approximately 155.82 kJ/mol for the DAP-4/5 wt%CuF2. Combustion experiments revealed that both the combustion pressure and pressurization rate were enhanced. A possibly reaction mechanism of energy release of DAP-4 with CuF2 was proposed that CuF2 accelerated the initial decomposition of DAP-4 through proton transfer reactions between ClO4−/F− and NH4+, leading to enhancing the reaction kinetics. This study provided a new pathway for the design and fabrication of DAP-4-based energetic materials in solid propellants.
KW - Combustion behavior
KW - DAP-4
KW - Oxidant
KW - Reaction mechanism
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105045117397
U2 - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115666
DO - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115666
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105045117397
SN - 0042-207X
VL - 254
JO - Vacuum
JF - Vacuum
M1 - 115666
ER -