Selecting Suitable Substituents for Energetic Materials Based on a Fused Triazolo-[1,2,4,5]tetrazine Ring

The more energetic substituent introduced, such as nitramino, nitro, azido, and N-oxide group, the better the detonation performance but the lower the stability of the compounds obtained. In order to synthesize energetic materials that display both high detonation performance and low sensitivity, it is useful to understand how those energetic groups affect material properties. The syntheses of some materials based on the triazolo-[1,2,4,5]tetrazine fused ring that contain combinations of different energetic groups are described. For the first time, a fused ring containing the nitramino and the N-oxide groups was synthesized (3). Compound 3 and its salts exhibit high densities (>1.82 g cm-3) and detonation performances (>9047 m s-1, > 34.7 GPa) as well as acceptable sensitivities. As a result of hydrogen bonding, the hydrazinium salt (3b) has a density of 1.83 g cm-3, with a high detonation velocity (9470 m s-1) and reasonable sensitivities (12 J, 120 N) which is superior to CL-20. Comparisons are made with our previously reported materials in order to demonstrate how energetic substituents affect properties.