Research on power safety control method for autonomous vehicle

Safe deceleration systems for autonomous vehicles under abnormal driving conditions, including out-of-control and brake system failure states, represent an essential core technology for the safe driving field. Physical failure of the electrical transmission channel between the vehicle's power supply system and the power control system is an important technique that can be used to achieve rapid and safe deceleration of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a power safety control unit (PSCU) based on stacking of an explosive layer composed of Al/Ni energetic films and a current lead layer with a high overflow capability is proposed. Under normal driving conditions, analysis of the compatibility between copper materials and battery packs with different specifications in terms of their overcurrent capacity indicated that the 30 μm × 60 μm × 1 μm dual-channel parallel connection of the flow guide layer can achieve a steady-state temperature of 584.7 K under stable 3 A current driving, which is below the critical temperature of 1357 K at which thermal failure of the flow guide layer occurs. After integration of the PSCU array, the explosive layer can be excited by 60 V/100 μF energy to produce an electric explosion effect in 6 μs. This explosion cuts off the current lead layer, causing physical failure of the electrical transmission channel between the automotive power system and the control system, and thus realizes rapid braking of the self-driving car under the abnormal driving condition. This method offers the advantages of high reliability and a fast response, and has strong application value.