Real-time monitoring of virus infection dynamics in established infection models for mechanism analysis

Understanding the mechanisms of virus infection is pivotal for the effective prevention and treatment of viral diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in real-time monitoring of viral dynamics within established infection models. We begin by summarizing the recent progress in fluorescent probe and labeling techniques for real-time and in situ virus tracking. Next, we provide an in-depth analysis of the types and characteristics of virus infection models and discuss their respective advantages and limitations in virus tracking. Finally, we detail the recent progress in viral dynamics tracking across different infection models, illustrating how to use these models to monitor virus infection dynamics and discussing the meaningful biological information that can be acquired.