Programmable Optoelectronic Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoparticles via Light-Triggered Surface Charge Modulation

This paper presents an innovative optoelectronic tweezer-based strategy that enables precise patterning of semiconductor nanoparticles through light-triggered modulation of surface charges. This technique enables the dynamic assembly of microscale architectures, characterized by low cost, minimal power consumption, high biocompatibility, and programmable control. It can provide a versatile and efficient platform for designing and fabricating next-generation functional devices. Without the need for physical masks, the semiconductor particle assembly technology can form predefined patterns ranging from micrometers to centimeters on chip surfaces within minutes. This approach demonstrates excellent spatial selectivity, enabling sequential or parallel processing of multiple regions on a single chip while allowing for repeated assembly on the same substrate. These capabilities indicate its significant potential for applications in optoelectronic device manufacturing, microrobotics, and related fields.