Preferential oxidation of CO and its subsequent methanation in H₂-rich gas over CuO-NiO/CeO₂ catalysts

Single metal oxides MOx (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce) and supported metal oxides MOx/CeO₂ (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) were tested as catalysts at first for removing CO from a H₂-rich gas (2% CO, 75% H₂, 23% N₂) with externally supplied air as oxidant. Partial reduction of the metal oxides in the reaction gas (i.e., 100 ml/min the H₂-rich gas + 15 ml/min air) was confirmed by XRD analyses. Metallic Co and Ni formed at the higher reaction temperatures, which then catalyzed CO methanation reaction. In this way, CO in the H₂-rich gas was removed actually by oxidation reaction at low reaction temperatures and subsequently with contribution of CO methanation reaction at higher reaction temperatures. To utilize the feature of sequential reactions of CO in the reaction gas, ternary metal oxide catalysts CuO-NiO/CeO₂ were developed. High CO conversions were thus achieved in an expanded reaction temperature range owing to combination of the catalytic effects of CuO/CeO₂ with NiO/CeO₂.