Peer-to-peer energy trading optimization for community prosumers considering carbon cap-and-trade

With the increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy, prosumers, a kind of customers capable of producing power, are able to share the information of the power consumption and the power price in a community, which evolves into an energy trading between producers and consumers over time. In this paper, considering the benefit conflict whether paying for the power from green power market, or suffering the cost from electricity market together with carbon market due to the carbon cap, a game-theoretic approach is proposed for the prosumers, who have to face the carbon emission constraints, in order to optimize their own utility with an energy trading in a community. It is considered that producers provide the optimal power price for the consumers based on the non-cooperative game, then the consumers decide which producer to purchase power from according to the evolutionary game, afterwards the interaction between the producers and the consumers are analysed in terms of the Stackelberg game. The low-carbon energy trading process in a community is solved with a mixed integer programming method based on the equilibrium of the games. Simulations show that the proposed approach is able to significantly improve the utility of the prosumers in the community.