Optimal planning method of multi-energy storage systems based on the power response analysis in the integrated energy system

The application of Integrated Energy Systems (IES) in establishing low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy supply systems has gained significant attention in recent years. However, as an energy stability link in IES, there is a lack of mature theoretical methods for energy allocation and optimal planning in the current multi-energy storage system (MESS) research. Hence, this paper proposes a method for configuring the capacity and selecting storage types in MESS within the IES. By considering the power response characteristics of different storage media, a combined ESMD-MPSO model is established that aims to enhance the economy and extend the service life of MESS. The model could allocate the power to the energy storage devices based on their power response capabilities and economic evaluation. Additionally, MESS application scenarios in both islanded and grid-connected IES are established. Highly adaptable energy storage devices are selected using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method, resulting in four different multi-energy storage schemes for analysis. The results demonstrate that the method enables the determination of cost-optimal energy storage combination and capacity configuration for both scenarios. Furthermore, compared to existing methods, the approach achieves a 22.1 % and 9.6 % improvement in annual average costs for the two scenarios. This research could provide guidance for the planning and development of multi-energy storage systems within the IES.