Inorganic crystal-supported precious metal single-atom catalysts for photo/electrocatalysis

The diversity of inorganic crystal (IC) supports endows supported precious metal single-atom (PMSA) with a tunable interfacial coordination environment, rich atomic arrangement geometry, and well-defined active sites. The synergies of metal-metal and metal-supports interaction result in excellent catalytical activities for photo/electrocatalysis. Despite the achieved progress in IC-supported PMSA catalysts, more comprehensive and insightful reports on the structure regulation of IC-supported PMSA for photo/electrocatalysis were not retrieved. Herein, adsorption (e.g., electrostatic, coordination, and covalent adsorption) and confinement strategies (e.g., surface defect, lattice, and layer confinement tactic) are systematically summarized based on interactions between IC and PMSA, with a special focus on the structure regulation of IC-confined PMSA for photo/electrocatalysis. We also put forward future research directions and opportunities regarding structure regulating and machine learning screening for IC-supported PMSA.