TY - JOUR
T1 - Extended tetrapodal perylene diimde with enhanced radical stability for selective photothermal antibacterial treatment
AU - Qiu, Zixuan
AU - Zhen, Miaomiao
AU - Cui, Xiangkun
AU - Zhang, Jingjing
AU - Yang, Fei
AU - Xu, Yanqing
AU - Wei, Wei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2027/1/1
Y1 - 2027/1/1
N2 - Perylene diimide (PDI) radical anions are attractive for near-infrared (NIR) photothermal applications, but strong aggregation in aqueous media severely limits their biomedical utility. Here, we report an extended tetrapodal PDI dye, PDI-4PPy-1 4+ , featuring four elongated 4-phenyl-pyridinium pendants that provide substantial steric hindrance and significantly suppress chromophore aggregation. This structural design stabilizes PDI radical anions under reductive conditions and enables efficient NIR photothermal conversion. Compared with conventional PDIs, PDI-4PPy-1 4+ exhibits markedly enhanced bio-reduction-driven photothermal activity, allowing selective and effective antibacterial treatment. These findings demonstrate the critical role of deliberate structural tailoring in modulating aggregation and functional performance of organic dyes, offering a general strategy for designing non-aggregating, highly isolated chromophores for targeted biomedical photothermal applications.
AB - Perylene diimide (PDI) radical anions are attractive for near-infrared (NIR) photothermal applications, but strong aggregation in aqueous media severely limits their biomedical utility. Here, we report an extended tetrapodal PDI dye, PDI-4PPy-1 4+ , featuring four elongated 4-phenyl-pyridinium pendants that provide substantial steric hindrance and significantly suppress chromophore aggregation. This structural design stabilizes PDI radical anions under reductive conditions and enables efficient NIR photothermal conversion. Compared with conventional PDIs, PDI-4PPy-1 4+ exhibits markedly enhanced bio-reduction-driven photothermal activity, allowing selective and effective antibacterial treatment. These findings demonstrate the critical role of deliberate structural tailoring in modulating aggregation and functional performance of organic dyes, offering a general strategy for designing non-aggregating, highly isolated chromophores for targeted biomedical photothermal applications.
KW - Perylene diimde
KW - Photothermal therapy
KW - Radical stability
KW - Selective antibacterial treatment
KW - Spatial insulation
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105044162086
U2 - 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117473
DO - 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117473
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105044162086
SN - 1010-6030
VL - 482
JO - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
M1 - 117473
ER -