Eprobe: A multi-technique, multi-channel wearable potentiostat

This manuscript presents Eprobe, a wearable potentiostat that supports multiple electrochemical techniques and simultaneous multi-channel operations. Built on an ARM-based microcontroller, Eprobe incorporates an advanced analog front-end (AFE) optimized for versatile electrochemical functions. It provides a dynamic voltage regulation range of ±16 V, ensuring accurate and reliable measurements across various conditions. With compact dimensions of 6 cm × 7 cm × 2 cm and a weight of 150 g, Eprobe supports 12 electrochemical techniques across six independent channels operating concurrently. It provides a bias voltage output range of ±10 V, a current measurement range of ±200 mA, and a measurement accuracy of 100 nA. Comparative experiments with the CHI760E potentiostat―a leading benchtop device measuring 34 cm × 25 cm × 11 cm and weighing 4.5 kg―along with real-world measurements and simultaneous multichannel operation, demonstrate that Eprobe achieves comparable performance. Moreover, Eprobe offers significant advantages over existing wearable potentiostats, including an extended voltage support range, enhanced current detection sensitivity, and multi-channel, multi-technique compatibility. Eprobe is fully open-source, offering researchers a powerful tool to advance electrochemical methodologies and facilitate the development of wearable, multi-target integrated monitoring systems.