Direct amination of azoles using CuCl₂ complexes of amines under mild conditions

The efficient direct amination of azoles, including benzoxazole, benzothiazole and 1-methylbenzimidazole, was accomplished in moderate to good yields using CuCl₂ complexes of amines as a readily available and effective nitrogen source. The coupling reactions were performed under mild conditions: at 30-50°C within 3-6 h, in air without oxidant, additive, ligand and anhydrous conditions.