Building equivalent circuit models of lithium-ion battery by means of genetic programming

In the process of battery system design and operation, accurate battery modelling is a key factor. Generally speaking, the electric characteristics of a given battery cell are necessary for a designer to build an equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit design entails the creation of both the sizing of components used in the circuit and the topology. So, it is very hard to build an accurate battery model for electric vehicles. This paper presents a single method to design an accurate equivalent circuit by computer automatically. The obtained model enables the assessment of the cells' state of charge (SOC) precisely using model-based state estimation approaches.