Blockchain-Enabled Market Clearing Mechanism for Peer-to-Peer Energy Storage Sharing

This paper first classifies blockchain-based shared energy storage studies into three deployment modes, namely community sharing, cloud sharing, and peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing, and summarizes how blockchain reshapes market mechanisms and data governance in these settings. Building on these insights, we develop a blockchain-enabled P2P market framework that tokenizes time-sliced capacity rights and clears a uniform capacity price through a sealed-bid commit-reveal process. The proposed framework establishes a privacy-preserving market microstructure where sellers and buyers submit piecewise capacity bids across delivery windows, and smart contracts execute commitment verification, convex welfare-based capacity clearing, and auditable settlement. The clearing problem is formulated as a convex social-welfare optimization and reduced to a onedimensional dual problem, yielding closed-form expressions for the uniform price and primal allocations. Furthermore, the framework specifies deposit rules and capacity-right tokenization to ensure verifiable settlement. Future research directions include degradation-aware pricing, real-time capacity verification, and streaming settlement aligned with realized energy delivery.