Blockage-Aware MmWave OFDM Waveform Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication

Millimeter wave (mmWave) based integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) enables high-speed communication and accurate sensing, yet it is highly susceptible to blockages that could lead to interrupted communication and sensing services. In this paper, we investigate blockage-aware mmWave orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design for ISAC, where we exploit multi-base station (BS) collaboration to enhance resilience for dynamic blockage, and leverage dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) waveform to simultaneously perform data transmission and target localization. To account for the dynamic blockage, the communication and sensing performance is characterized in a probabilistic fashion. Then, we formulate a chance-constrained max-min optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved by the proposed stochastic successive convex approximation (SCA)-based blockage-aware beamforming (SSBAB) scheme. Simulation results verify the robustness of the SSBAB scheme in the presence of dynamic blockage.