An Enhanced Motion Compensation Algorithm Based on Staged Velocity Estimation for High-Speed Weak Targets

The Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) signal is highly sensitive to the radial motion of the target, which necessitates precise motion compensation. High-speed weak targets, characterized by rapid motion and low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), impose high demands on motion compensation algorithms. In this paper, an improved motion compensation algorithm based on staged velocity estimation is presented, which significantly reduces computational complexity while maintaining accuracy compared to traditional methods. The Radon transform is applied to obtain a coarse velocity estimate along with its error range. This error range is then used as a refined search interval for precise velocity estimation using the Radon-Fourier Transform (RFT). The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated by simulation experiments, which demonstrates its ability to achieve reliable motion compensation for high-speed weak targets.