AHP 模糊综合评价在火炸药专用设备安全评价中的应用

Currently, safety accidents are prevalent in the explosives and propellants industry, highlighting a critical need for improved work safety measures. Conducting safety assessments on specialized equipment used for explosives and propellants can significantly mitigate the risk of such accidents. To quantitatively assess the safety level of this specialized equipment, this study proposes a safety evaluation model that integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, tailored to the specific characteristics of explosives and propellants. A comprehensive scientific evaluation system is constructed to facilitate this assessment. First, a safety evaluation system for specialized equipment used in explosives and propellants was developed, based on six primary indicators: equipment structure, industrial control, equipment usage, equipment maintenance and repair, safety regulations, and fire extinguishing equipment. This system also includes 25 secondary indicators, such as the structural safety of components and their safety design. Subsequently, the AHP was employed to determine the weights for each level of indicators within this evaluation framework. The weighting of the indicators revealed that the three key factors-equipment structure, industrial control, and equipment usage-have a substantial influence on the safety evaluation of specialized equipment for explosives and propellants, accounting for 79. 71% of the total weight. Notably, equipment structure alone contributed a significant 41. 89% . Following this analysis, a typical piece of specialized equipment from the factory was selected as the evaluation subject for practical application. Twenty personnel from the factory, specializing in equipment, safety, processes, and operations, were invited to perform grade evaluations for each assessment index. Using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, a safety assessment was conducted. The results indicated that the total score for the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of this typical specialized equipment was Z = 81. 209 1, categorizing it as a good rating. However, the comprehensive score for the first-level index related to equipment structure was the lowest at 79. 518, placing it in the general category. This finding suggests that further improvements and optimizations are needed regarding the equipment structure. The comprehensive score for the first-level index related to fire extinguishing equipment was the highest at 90. 645, indicating that the configuration and management of the fire extinguishing equipment are excellent, aligning well with the actual situation. These research results offer valuable insights and guidance for enterprises seeking to enhance the safety management of specialized equipment used in the explosives and propellants industry.