A Study on the Distribution Dynamics, Regional Disparities, and Convergence of China’s Energy Transition

Energy transition, as a crucial aspect of the country’s high-value-added economic development, involves the construction of an energy transition index system and empirical analysis using methods such as the entropy weighting method, kernel density estimation, Markov chain, Dagum Gini coefficient, σ-convergence, and β-convergence. This study measures the level of energy transition in 280 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2019 and analyzes their evolutionary trends, regional disparities, structural differences, and convergence. The findings reveal that China’s energy transition generally exhibits characteristics of “improvement in development levels and reduction in absolute disparities”. The disparities in energy transition primarily stem from developmental differences among the three major regions, displaying typical σ-convergence and β-convergence characteristics. This analysis contributes to understanding the real level and distribution features of China’s energy transition, providing a basis for identifying focal points for enhancing energy transition in the current and future stages.