A Multi-Region Division Routing Algorithm Based on Fuzzy-Shortest-Path-First for LEO Satellite Networks

As an important complement to the terrestrial network and an essential component of the future 6G, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite network is expected to provide higher-quality communication services in combination with terrestrial network and attracts widespread research interest. Since the unbalanced distribution of terrestrial services may lead to inter-satellite link (ISL) congestion, balancing the network load has become one of the key issues for LEO satellite networks. In order to prevent ISL congestion in LEO networks, we propose a multi-region division routing algorithm based on fuzzy-shortest-path-first (FSPF-MDR) for LEO satellite networks. We divide the satellite network into multiple small regions and share link information within the regions to achieve congestion avoidance. Simulation results show that, using the proposed algorithm, the computing complexity is reduced significantly with a slightly cost of increasing average hop count. Furthermore, it is able to achieve congestion prevention while using fewer resources. With different scales of LEO networks, the computing complexity can be reduced by 45% to 70%.