4D-printed grapevine-inspired intelligent metamaterials with adjustable mechanical behaviors

Due to their novel architecture and functional adaptability, four dimensional-printed (4D-printed) intelligent metamaterials exhibit significant advantages in advanced engineering applications. In this paper, a bioinspired multifunctional metamaterial was proposed by mimicking the coiled geometry of grapevine tendrils and fabricated through 4D printing technology. The multilayer perceptron (MLP) machine learning model was first constructed to enable efficient prediction of its structural performance. Moreover, the combination of experimental testing and finite element simulations was employed to investigate the reusability of the bionic grapevine-inspired lattice structure (BGLS), as well as the influence of geometric parameters and thermal conditions on its mechanical and vibration isolation behaviors. The results show that the proposed metamaterial can exhibit programmable shape transformation and reliable mechanical reversibility, and it also offers tunable vibration isolation capability and excellent energy absorption. Specifically, the BGLSs show superior energy absorption capability compared to conventional cellular solids. In addition, the BGLSs demonstrate full-spectrum vibration attenuation in the 0–1000 Hz range, reaching a minimum vibration load drop of −43 dB, representing a leading level of vibration isolation performance among similar lattice structures. This study will provide a design strategy for lightweight vibration damping and energy absorbing metamaterials.