考虑充换电操作的新能源汽车换电站选址定容问题

This paper addresses the location and capacity planning of battery swapping stations of electric vehicles, combining the charging and swapping operations in the stations. The charging and swapping operations within the swapping station are a crucial link connecting the swapping demand with the decisions on station location and capacity planning. However, previous research has overlooked providing a detailed characterization of this process. This study models the internal operations of the swapping station as a multi-period optimization problem and provides insights into the structural properties of the optimal solution to this problem. Building upon this foundation, considering the uncertainty in swapping demands, we integrate the internal operational aspects with the station location and capacity planning to construct a distributionally robust optimization model and a robust satisficing model. To deal with the hard multistage problem in the model, we utilize the linear decision rule to approximately solve the two models and extend the lifting technique by incorporating auxiliary variables into multistage scenario-wise robust optimization models. The theoretical analysis establishes the relationship between the models before and after lifting. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and lifting techniques.