海洋 CO₂ 地质封存技术的研究进展与展望

This account reviews in detail the research progress and development trends of marine CO₂ geological storage technologies,and expounds five major categories of methods,including marine CO₂ water column sequestration, seafloor sediment sequestration,seafloor saline aquifer sequestration,offshore depleted oil and gas reservoir sequestration, and near-shore salt cave sequestration. The mechanism, characteristics, and potential risks of various methods are analyzed.In addition,the current implementation situations of global marine CO₂ storage projects are summarized.Finally, this account expounds upon the challenges faced by marine CO₂ storage technologies, including safety, environmental impact,and technological cost,and proposes the development directions in the future,such as technological innovation, policy support, and international cooperation, in order to promote the large-scale application of marine CO₂ storage technologies.