掺杂光敏物质用于降低火工药剂激光发火阈值研究进展

Doping non-primary explosives with optical sensitizers is a key technique to reduce ignition threshold for laser pyrotechnics. The paper mainly focuses on the various types of new optical sensitizers in laser ignited and initiated non-primary explosives, including carbon black, carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, near-infrared absorbing dye and metal nanoparticles. The regular relationships among structure and optical properties of these optical sensitizers are summarized, the key advances in laser ignition of non-primary explosives doped with optical sensitizers are reviewed, the effects of doping concentration and doping method on ignition performance are analyzed, and the doping efficiencies are also evaluated by comparing the ignition thresholds. Gold nanorods as a typical metal nanoparticle has the highest doping efficiency, followed by carbon black, carbon nanotube, and near-infrared absorbing dye. It is suggested that the multidisciplinary research needs to be strengthened, and more systematic, universal and comparable studies are also needed.