室温固态微波激光器研发与应用

The extremely low quantum noise characteristics of masers play an important role as ultra-low noise pre-amplifiers and microwave clocks in fields such as wireless Communications, deep space exploration, navigation, and time-frequency measurements. A detailed overview of the fundamental principles and developmental trends of masers is provid-ed. Building upon the research progress of typical cryogenic ruby solid-state masers, it summarizes their advantages in low-noise microwave amplification, high-stability microwave oscillation, and ultra-sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance. To address the challenge of the traditional solid-state masers that can only operate in cryogenic environments, the novel maser formation mechanisms and gain media have been explored. It reviews recent domestic and international research ef-forts aimed at achieving the Operation of solid-state masers at room temperature and discusses the research difficulties and future development trends of room-temperature solid-state maser.