基于滑模 PI 控制的电动汽车集群出力与调频联合优化

When the electric vehicle(EV) clusters participate in the frequency regulation of the power grid, a large amount of continuous output may lead to over-regulation phenomenon of the system frequency and increase the system frequency regulation cost and the EV clusters'compensation cost. In order to coordinate the output of EV clusters and generators on the premise of ensuring the stability of system frequency, a joint optimization method of generators and EV clusters based on sliding mode proportional-integral(PI) control is proposed,and the vehicle input ratio of EV cluster is optimized with the frequency regulation cost and frequency stability as the goals. Considering that private cars,buses and taxis participate in the grid auxiliary frequency regulation,a single-area system model of EV cluster participating in the microgrid frequency regulation is established. The sliding mode PI is used to control EV clusters,and the output of EV clusters is significantly reduced while the frequency is stable. Further,the vehicle input ratio parameters of EV clusters are optimized to significantly reduce the system frequency regulation cost. The working conditions of sufficient and insufficient generator capacity are both simulated,and the results before and after parameter optimization are compared,which verify the effectiveness and economy of the proposed joint optimization method.