基于增材制造陶瓷点阵的双相网络互穿复合材料的研究进展与挑战

Interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs), which achieve a continuous interpenetration of porous ceramic skeletons and polymer or metal phases in 3D space, have opened up a new way to overcome the brittleness of ceramics and given new possibilities for the development of next-generation impact-resistant and damage-tolerant advanced ceramics. Additive manufacturing (AM) provides support for the controllable preparation of IPCs. Hence, this paper systematically reviews the progress of additively manufactured ceramic lattice-based IPCs. Firstly, AM processes such as vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, material extrusion, and binder jetting are introduced, with their respective technical characteristics and scope of application. Next, ceramic lattice structures, such as honeycomb, truss, plate lattice, and shell structures, are discussed as well as their unique advantages in mechanical properties. Then, core composite processes including infiltration and electrodeposition of two key IPC systems, polymer/ceramic and metal/ceramic IPCs, are provided, and the effects of key parameters such as structural configuration, volume fraction, and gradient design on their mechanical properties are summarized. Finally, based on the current research status, the challenges and opportunities in terms of composite processes, multi-scale structural design, and multifunctional integration are further analyzed and forecasted.