助剂对熔铸炸药力学性能改善的研究进展

The research progress on modifying the mechanical properties of melt-cast explosives was systematically reviewed, with an emphasis on investigating the mechanisms and application effects of four different types of mechanical modification additives: fibers, nanoparticles, crystals, and polymers. Research has demonstrated that various additives can improve the mechanical properties of melt-cast explosives in different pathways, but they also have limitations. For instance, while fiber modifiers can enhance compressive strength, they can also easily result in a decrease in tensile strength and limited process adaptability. Nanoparticle additives still face challenges in dispersion uniformity and interface mechanism. Crystalline additives are expensive, and the regulatory mechanism for multi-component system is still unclear. By contrast, energetic thermoplastic elastomers (ETPEs) are the most promising additives owing to their superior integrated performance, which includes not only the ability to achieve toughness and desensitization through structural design but also good process adaptability and recyclability. In order to advance the development of melt-cast explosives in the direction of high safety, long life, and sustainability, future research should concentrate on developing new ETPE systems with a wide temperature range adaptability, excellent process compatibility, high energy-low sensitivity synergy, environmental durability, and intelligent response functions, as well as promoting their green synthesis and recycling melt-cast. With 93 references were attached.