Vibration-Induced Phase Error Compensation in Ground-Based Phased Array Radar for Deformation Monitoring

Deformation monitoring based on radar interferometry is one of the effective approaches in the prevention of geological disasters. Ground-based phased array radar (GB-PAR) employs electronic beam steering to achieve rapid azimuth scanning, but its beam-by-beam imaging mechanism makes the differential interferometric phase particularly susceptible to phase errors induced by platform vibration. Conventional global compensation schemes based on persistent scatterer techniques fail to account for beam-position-dependent characteristics of these errors, thereby limiting achievable measurement accuracy. To address this problem, this article proposes a phase error compensation method based on a beam-position-grouped estimation with adjacent-beam weighting constraints for GB-PAR. First, a differential interferometric phase error model tailored to GB-PAR is established. Building upon this model, a corresponding compensation strategy, especially a vibration-induced phase error compensation approach, is developed, forming a unified processing framework that enables accurate extraction of deformation-induced phase while maintaining the operational advantages of the GB-PAR system. Experimental results obtained from various monitoring scenarios demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework.