Verifiable, Access-Controllable, and Privacy-Preserving Multidimensional Data Aggregation based on Blockchain in Smart Grids

With the development of the smart grids, terminal devices collect fine-grained sensitive data from users and achieve personalized functions. A large amount of data is sent to the control center to meet the needs of electric power departments (EPDs) for conducting big data analysis, optimizing energy usage efficiency, and real-time pricing. However, in smart grids, safe-guarding user privacy confronts significant challenges, including unclear permission management that allows any EPD to access all data. To address these issues, we propose a blockchain-based multidimensional data aggregation scheme for data privacy protection and access control in smart grids. With modified Paillier cryptosystem, a multidimensional data aggregation scheme is proposed using superincreasing sequences. The access control of EPDs is achieved with attribute-based encryption (ABE). The requests of EPDs are recorded by the blockchain. Security analysis shows that multiple attacks can be resisted by the proposal. A comprehensive performance evaluation of the scheme is also conducted to prove its feasibility.