TY - JOUR
T1 - Unexpected tunable photoluminescence and emission mechanism during the gradual increase of cyclic glucose units
AU - Lei, Xiaoping
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - Zhao, Hongyan
AU - Yang, Tianjia
AU - Bai, Gao Xiang
AU - Feng, Xiao
AU - Zhou, Qing
AU - Yi, Lingmin
AU - Zhang Yuan, Wang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/9/15
Y1 - 2024/9/15
N2 - Excitation-dependent (λex-dependent) emission is one of the most common emission characteristics of nonconventional luminophores. Previously, we have reported D-xylose crystals has an obvious λex-dependent color tunable persistent room temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) from blue to green, but its p-RTP emission at long wavelength is very weak. To further explore this attractive multicolor p-RTP behavior, and to enhance its tunability, the photoluminescence (PL) behavior of three common cyclodextrins (CDs), namely α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD, including solution and single crystals, were studied. Their single crystals demonstrate λex-dependent multicolor p-RTP properties in the order of β-CD>α γ-CD>γ α-CD, rather than the strongest with the least glucose units (γ α-CD). Among them, the λex-dependent tunable p-RTP of β-CD and α-CD is superior to that of D-(+)-xylose single crystal. The above unexpected phenomena could be explained reasonably through detailed single crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations. The emission behavior of solution and single crystals of CDs can be reasonably explained by the clustering-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. Furthermore, CD-based covalent organic frameworks (COF) and supramolecules are readily fabricated, which own significantly enhanced p-RTP emission. Due to the intriguing PL property as well as hydrophilic rim and low biotoxicity of CDs, successful imaging of HCT116 cells and encryption applications were demonstrated. It is believed that the intrinsic PL properties of CDs, especially their regularly adjustable multicolor p-RTP that varies with the number of glucose units, have significant guidance for the development of a series of multicolor luminescent materials.
AB - Excitation-dependent (λex-dependent) emission is one of the most common emission characteristics of nonconventional luminophores. Previously, we have reported D-xylose crystals has an obvious λex-dependent color tunable persistent room temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) from blue to green, but its p-RTP emission at long wavelength is very weak. To further explore this attractive multicolor p-RTP behavior, and to enhance its tunability, the photoluminescence (PL) behavior of three common cyclodextrins (CDs), namely α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD, including solution and single crystals, were studied. Their single crystals demonstrate λex-dependent multicolor p-RTP properties in the order of β-CD>α γ-CD>γ α-CD, rather than the strongest with the least glucose units (γ α-CD). Among them, the λex-dependent tunable p-RTP of β-CD and α-CD is superior to that of D-(+)-xylose single crystal. The above unexpected phenomena could be explained reasonably through detailed single crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations. The emission behavior of solution and single crystals of CDs can be reasonably explained by the clustering-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. Furthermore, CD-based covalent organic frameworks (COF) and supramolecules are readily fabricated, which own significantly enhanced p-RTP emission. Due to the intriguing PL property as well as hydrophilic rim and low biotoxicity of CDs, successful imaging of HCT116 cells and encryption applications were demonstrated. It is believed that the intrinsic PL properties of CDs, especially their regularly adjustable multicolor p-RTP that varies with the number of glucose units, have significant guidance for the development of a series of multicolor luminescent materials.
KW - Clustering-triggered emission
KW - Cyclodextrins
KW - Emissive clusters
KW - Nonconventional luminophores
KW - Persistent room temperature phosphorescence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85199690189&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2024.154155
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2024.154155
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85199690189
SN - 1385-8947
VL - 496
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
M1 - 154155
ER -