Uncertainty-Aware Cross-Domain Few-Shot Scene Classification from Remote Sensing Imagery

Cross-Domain Few-Shot Scene Classification (CDFSSC) aims to transfer knowledge from a source domain to a target domain for few-shot classification tasks, and is essential for remote sensing applications involving diverse platforms and dynamic environments. However, distribution discrepancies and category misalignment across domains often introduce high predictive uncertainty, significantly degrading model performance. To address these challenges, an uncertainty-aware cross-domain (UACD) framework is proposed to enhance model reliability by systematically mining uncertainty-related information. Specifically, in the cross-domain training process, a feature-decision consistency regularization (FDCR) structure is designed to stabilize cross-domain training by enforcing consistency at both feature and decision levels. Furthermore, an uncertainty-aware knowledge mining (UKM) policy is introduced to effectively exploit high-uncertainty target samples, mitigating the negative impact of unreliable pseudo-labels and improving representation learning. In the few-shot adaptation stage, an uncertainty-aware predictor is developed to enhance adaptability and decision-making in target tasks. Extensive experiments on 12 cross-domain scenarios demonstrate that the proposed UACD framework consistently achieves superior or competitive performance, with strong robustness and generalization capability across diverse CDFSSC tasks.