TY - JOUR
T1 - Trinitromethyl-Substituted 1H-1,2,4-Triazole Bridging Nitropyrazole
T2 - A Strategy of Utterly Manipulable Nitration Achieving High-Energy Density Material
AU - Yi, Pingping
AU - Lin, Chenchen
AU - Yi, Xiaoyi
AU - He, Piao
AU - Wang, Tingwei
AU - Zhang, Jianguo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Nitro groups have been demonstrated to play a decisive role in the development of the most powerful known energetic materials. Two trinitromethyl-substituted 1H-1,2,4-triazole bridging nitropyrazoles were first synthesized by straightforward routes and were characterized by chemical (MS, NMR, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and experimental analysis (sensitivity toward friction, impact, and differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis test). Their detonation properties (detonation pressure, detonation velocity, etc.) were predicted by the EXPLO5 package based on the crystal density and calculated heat of formation with Gaussian 09. These new trinitromethyl triazoles were found to show suitable sensitivities, high density, and highly positive heat of formation. The combination of exceedingly high performances superior to those of HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitrotetraazacyclooctane), and its straightforward preparation highlights compound 8 as a promising high-energy density material (HEDM). This work supports the effectivity of utterly manipulable nitration and provides a generalizable design synthesis strategy for developing new HEDMs.
AB - Nitro groups have been demonstrated to play a decisive role in the development of the most powerful known energetic materials. Two trinitromethyl-substituted 1H-1,2,4-triazole bridging nitropyrazoles were first synthesized by straightforward routes and were characterized by chemical (MS, NMR, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and experimental analysis (sensitivity toward friction, impact, and differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis test). Their detonation properties (detonation pressure, detonation velocity, etc.) were predicted by the EXPLO5 package based on the crystal density and calculated heat of formation with Gaussian 09. These new trinitromethyl triazoles were found to show suitable sensitivities, high density, and highly positive heat of formation. The combination of exceedingly high performances superior to those of HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitrotetraazacyclooctane), and its straightforward preparation highlights compound 8 as a promising high-energy density material (HEDM). This work supports the effectivity of utterly manipulable nitration and provides a generalizable design synthesis strategy for developing new HEDMs.
KW - 1H-1,2,4-triazole
KW - detonation performance
KW - high-energy density material
KW - nitration reaction
KW - trinitromethyl-substituted
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85192212543&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsami.4c04185
DO - 10.1021/acsami.4c04185
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85192212543
SN - 1944-8244
JO - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
JF - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
ER -