Thermal kinetic performance and storage life analysis of a series of high-energy and green energetic materials: Metal perchlorates with carbohydrazide

The thermal kinetic performance and storage life of tris(carbohydrazide)manganese(II) perchlorate (GTM), tris(carbohydrazide)nickel(II) perchlorate (GTN), tris(carbohydrazide)zinc(II) perchlorate (GTX), and tris(carbohydrazide)cadmium(II) perchlorate (GTG), as important high-energy and green materials, were carried out by the DSC, (thermogravimetric) TG, and a dynamic pressure measuring thermal analysis (DPTA) method. The thermal behavior, kinetics, thermal safety, and storage life of them were investigated. The results show that there are three mass-loss stages in TG curves, and one endothermic peak and two exothermic peaks in DSC curve for them. The first mass-loss stages are the melting processes, and the thermal decompositions have happened in this stage. The kinetic data were obtained from the DSC and TG curves by integral and differential methods. The most probable kinetic models and kinetic equations were suggested by polynomial fitting the kinetic data. The specific heat capacity was determined with theoretical calculation method, and then self-accelerating decomposition temperature (T _SADT), thermal ignition temperature (T _TIT), critical temperatures of thermal explosion (T _b), and the adiabatic time-to-explosion (t _TIAD) are calculated, respectively. The storage lives of 0.01 % conversion rate for GTM, GTN, GTX, and GTG at 25 °C are 4.52a (annual), 9.26a 10.75a, and 7.57a. GTX is the most excellent carbohydrazide perchlorate.