Teaching method of sub-surface rolling contact stress in engineering mechanics courses

In this study, a combined theoretical and numerical approach is proposed for analysing subsurface rolling contact stress in engineering mechanics courses. First, the Hertz contact formula is employed to predict the maximum contact pressure and the depth of peak stress under frictionless conditions. Then, finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out to investigate the influence of friction and surface roughness on stress distribution. By comparing Hertzian solutions with the FEA results, students gain a deeper insight into the limitations of purely theoretical formulas and the importance of numerical methods. This teaching method integrates theoretical derivation, numerical simulation, and real engineering scenarios, helping learners grasp fundamental principles of rolling contact stress while enhancing their problem-solving skills.